Attitudes & Values

 

Attitude: - It’s a pre-conceived notion in our mind. Evaluative statements which can be favourable or unfavourable. It is about objects, people or events. Understanding attitude is sort of complex. So, to understand the attitude there are three models namely A, B and C.

 

A: Affective – Emotions/feelings about something. the affective component refers to the emotional reaction one has toward an attitude object.

B: Behavioural – It refers to the way one behaves when exposed to an attitude object.

C: Cognitive – Anything which is in your mind is cognitive and that sets the stage for other components.

“Attitude follows behaviour” ~ Leon Festinger

v  We study the ABC model for two major purposes: -

A.      Understanding the complexity

B.      Potential Relation between attitude and behaviour

Cognitive Dissonance: Dissonance basically means discomfort. On one hand I’m saying “I like my job” and on the other hand I’m saying “I am not paid well”. So, it’s a kind of dispute/tension that goes along in one’s mind. It can be said to be two attitudes within a person. Reduction of dissonance is very important from an individual’s perspective. Any incompatibility between two or more attitude or between behaviour and attitude.

v  Dissonance depends upon the following factors: -

1.       Degree of importance of a situation

2.       Degree of influence

3.       Degree of rewards

v  Factors that affect the relationship between attitude and behaviour: -

1.       Importance of attitude

2.       Correspondence to behaviour

3.       Accessibility

4.       Presence of social pressures

5.       Direct experience with attitude

 

 

v  Job-related Attitude: -

1.       Job satisfaction

2.       Job involvement

3.       Employee engagement

4.       Perceived organizational support

Psychological Empowerment: If the organization is working on the mental health of its employees and takes into account the lack of confidence and mismanagement then it empowers them psychologically and ultimately prevents them form leaving the organization.

Organizational Commitment: The degree to which an employee identifies with a particular organization and its goals and wishes to maintain that membership in the organization.

Causes of Job Satisfaction: -

1.     1  Job Conditions

2.     2  Personality

3.    3   Pay

4.    4   Corporate Social Responsibility

 

Outcomes of Job-satisfaction: -

1.       Job Performance

2.       Organizational Citizenship Behaviour

3.       Customer Satisfaction

4.       Life Satisfaction

Counter-productive work behaviour – These behaviours are done intentionally to damage the organization. They are also known as Deviant Work Behaviour/ Withdrawal Behaviour. Some of the most common forms are turnover intention and absenteeism.

# Job-dissatisfaction: - At any point if you dislike your job. It can have several impacts on the employees: -

This Impact of job-dissatisfaction is segregated into 4 responses: -

 

	Constructive	Destructive
Active	Voice response	Exit response (purely counter-productive)
Passive	Loyalty	Neglect